Vladimir Toropov is a distinguished scientist and a seasoned professional with a PhD in Engineering. With an impressive career spanning over 26 years in research, 11 years in banking, and 18 years in trading, he has made significant contributions across multiple fields. Based in Russia, he is not only an accomplished banker and investor but also a skilled programmer who has developed a range of innovative trading systems, including the Perpetual EA and Price Range MT5. His expertise and insights into the financial markets have garnered him a rating of 668. For more information about his work, his website can be found at https://toropovv.com/.